Which option best describes "stormwater surface runoff"?

The option that best describes "stormwater surface runoff" is indeed water that drains after rainfall or snow melt. This phenomenon occurs when precipitation falls and cannot be absorbed by the ground due to saturation, impermeable surfaces (like roads and buildings), or other factors. As a result, water flows over land surfaces and into storm drains, rivers, or other water bodies. This runoff can carry pollutants like oils, debris, and sediments, which is why managing stormwater is crucial for environmental health and compliance with regulations.

The other choices describe different processes or forms of water: evaporation refers to the conversion of liquid water into vapor without the involvement of rainfall or snow melt; infiltration involves water seeping into the ground and replenishing aquifers or soil moisture; and water produced from industrial processes relates to the wastewater generated from manufacturing, which is a separate concern entirely from stormwater runoff. Each of these processes plays a role in the larger hydrological cycle but does not accurately represent the concept of stormwater surface runoff.